Being of Bhutan

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N.B.Giri

: The Bhutanese Lhotshampas form the integral community of Bhutan, both in theory and practice. The Ngalungs are immigrants from Tibet, who had settled in the northern Bhutan believed to be from the seventh century. They are now the ruling elites. The Lhotshampas are immigrants from Nepal and India settled in southern Bhutan, migrated into Bhutan before 13th century. The Sharchop community is another important community living in the eastern Bhutan even prior to arrivals of Ngalungs and Lhotshampas.

The arrival of monk Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal from Ralung of Tibet to Bhutan is considered a watershed moment in the history of Bhutan. He even proved beyond doubt that Nepali-speaking community was living as citizens of Bhutan before his arrival. Zhabdrung defeated all his rivals and established his authority in Bhutan in 1616 AD. He even visited king Ram Shah of Gorkha in 1624 AD and officially requested for Gorkha settlers in Bhutan as architects and to defend the southern frontiers, thus immaculately recognizing the southern belt as home of the Lhotshampas.

Bhutan is composed of these three major ethnic communities migrated to Bhutan during various periods. All three communities have their own languages, culture and social behavior. In Bhutan, to be unquestioningly fair, out of three languages, Nepali is more commonly spoken because of its simple and motivating vocabulary. Dzongkha and Sharchop (Thangla) are also popularly spoken by different Bhutanese communities. Dzongkha, mostly spoken by the Ngalungs, is made compulsory in the schools and declared as national language by the regime, though not popularly admired in many ways. We have accepted Dzongkha language as our national language but, we take into consideration that other popular languages should also be respected and recognized as national languages. In whatever level it may transpire we share all three languages in our daily life. However, we find that even the government-run media have not been using Nepali language in the way it should have been used, may be to show to the outsiders that it is not popular and deny its recognition.

Whatever may be the unsympathetic approach of the regime, we ceaselessly believed the Buddhist king, and even accepted that the Wangchuck family is guided by Buddha’s preaching of peace and love for the mankind, non-violence and peaceful co-existence. For this reason, all the citizens had highly regarded the relation. We never had any type of enmity or discontent towards royal elites and function of its government. We never showed our resentment for how much the autocratic government and its elites were anarchist in fulfilling their own wellbeing and happiness. But, today the Lhotshampas are called illegal immigrants and with various synonyms of this kind. We find ourselves cornered and made to face politically motivated callous strategy of the regime to continue remain in its den. Surely, some Lhotshampas, Sharchops and even Ngalungs who yearn for justice may possibly be evicted from the country by egocentric rulers to establish their regulation but, without doubt such rulers have to vanish in complete forever since, for all the Bhutanese it is fundamental to save Bhutan and get rid of Anarchists. We are confident this testament will go into history, as it is the reality we Bhutanese irrespective of our racial backgrounds, religion, culture or language understand and awesomely desire. And, this is our broadened harmonious foundation of the Bhutanese identity.

I am not writing immigration account of different communities in Bhutan as I have not found reliable and comparatively written books about this nor I am making my own chronicle but, I am wording the simple facts which can be experienced even now. To be very acceptable, the Bhutanese history of immigration is not recorded in the correct way it should have been by the writers who have written about Bhutan. Some rulers, who invited foreign writers to write the country’s history, orchestrated them to believe their own version of account and those writers have written books to suit the interest of t rulers. But, truth cannot be distorted for long time nor can be defeated by writing own make-believe history.

The Ngalungs, who live in the northern part and claim to be original citizens of Bhutan, never visited the southern belt until the 19th century, as they knew barely about geographical location of the country and also due to fear of malaria. Whereas, Lhotshampas who for centuries lived in southern part toiled and sweated hard to make the malaria infected lands suitable for human settlement and cultivation are today being questioned for their existence in Bhutan. They were mercilessly evicted and made to suffer as refugees. The fact Lhotshampas were in Bhutan since centuries is also proved by the names of places, villages and rivers in old southern Bhutan. The names of places, villages, rivers and districts in southern belt carry our lingual, ethnic and cultural identity. This is the testimony to the historical facts of our existence in the country. Maps of Bhutan with these names are available to testify the account today. Surprisingly, the shameless rulers today have started renaming places and rivers aimed at erasing our existence in the country and blindfolding the world.

Editor’s note: Facts and views presented in the article are entirely based on author’s finding and do not necessarily reflect the official stance of the Bhutan News Service.

26644 COMMENTS

  1. World is a melting pot and Bhutan can never be the exception. People from different directions migrated to this land, and the pull factors varied as per circumstances but those causes were never raised for millennium. Due to lack of proper and scientific research in terms of egg and chicken position, we are bound to accept the mouthpiece of the power.

    King Jigme Singye Wangchuk believed in the theory of individualism with his own desire or interest of valuing SELF as prime importance and others as mere non-living objects without heart and sentiments. And he perceived that others can be changed overnight with his orders.

    As a citizen of a nation, I believe that we did our duties but I doubt whether the ruler played their role or not.

  2. nepali speaking people are not bhutanese. you should be ashamed to term yourself as bhutanese. Bhutan is not a immigrated land. if you know the history our kings originated from eastern dzongkhag from dhungkhar choeje? do you this place? waht the […] ngalops are you talking? what the […] southern are you talking? Bhutan has one ethnic people .ofcourse we have many laborer from nepal , india and bangladesh….

    dont talk shit about my country…talk shit about your PM Baburam..nepal…does it sound same? bhutan and nepal? ha?do ya??

  3. Mr. Giri , hats off to your article. You Bhutanese, those of you have had re-seattled in western world should soon stress and maintain your nearly extinct history from Bhutan. As you stated- “Surprisingly, the shameless rulers today have started renaming places and rivers aimed at erasing our existence in the country and blindfolding the world.”

    These types of articles need to be published in New York Times, Washington Post, BBC online and many more, then only the world would visualize the conspiracy of your king Jigme Singye Wangchuck. If not, soon one day your identity would be melted down in western civilization.

    Best of Luck Guys!!

  4. Dear ram ram,
    1. Why are afraid of disclosing your identity ? Are you ok ? Secondly, you said your kings originated from dhungkhar choeje which is totally foolish thinking. Thirdly, you used bad words to express your views which is unbecoming of a Bhutanese national. Fourthly, I am not ashmed to call myself Bhutanese because I carry good image of Bhutan. And lastly but not the least I am born and brought up in Bhutan and I am an Army Officer, and do you know army personnels are true citizens of any country, they are even above kings and queens for they give their lives for the country. Whreas, kings suppresses citizens. You are an example of suppressed mentality. I must clearify that Bhutan is a land of immigrants. You are an immigrant, all of us landed in Bhutan from different parts of the world. Try to be good to make peace and prosperity for Bhutan and Bhutanese. Ngolops or traitor are those who work against human beings. The Royal Government of Bhutan is infact ngolops. If we also behave like the Government of Bhutan then there would have been different situation by now. May be all doubts would have been cleared.

    If you really love Bhutan then try to behave first. Do not try to provoke people. Non of the Bhutanese are having immortal body all are mortal so why cry for nothing. And do not try to insult others it will fetch hard time for you. Do not insult Indians or Nepalese or any other national, it will dig your own grave. Thank you.

  5. This is in response to comment of ram ram on the article of N.B.Giri. I know the last resort of the scoundrel is to be Hippocratic chauvinism. I appreciate that before writing all the filthy nauseating retorts that all in his head, he had besought the name of ram, the Hindu God in apology of his guilt for what untruth he is writing. Otherwise, he would have given his true identity if he was writing the truth and ready face the facts.
    ram ram, it seems you are very ignorant of your own history and therefore what to talk of world history. Before reacting impulsively, I suggest you to please read the history of Bhutan on which many authors have written and available in many book stalls in India, Nepal and abroad. If you cannot afford to buy them, please tell me honestly with your proper contact address, I shall buy and send to you. You got to be enlightened. Otherwise any sane people will not write all stupid. You would have relished yourself in lashing out your dirty mind but mind you that those things would be costly to you some times to come. we know that the Wangchuk clan came from Dungkar choje in Kurtoe as per the fairy tale which neither you nor I am sure of it. But it’s wonder if they are from Kurtoe why can’t they speak Kurtoe kha? However, what I am sure of it that they did not sprout out from the soil and undoubtedly they belong to earlier ancestors whose origin if you trace will lead to Tibet or Indo-Burma. Therefore, ram ram, it is the matter of only time difference of settlement of different ethnics in different region of Bhutan and maintained distinct identity as Sarchops in the east, Ngalongs in the west and lhotsampas in the South. That’s why, when some one asks where are you from? I am sure you reply either east ,west or south or identify yourself as sarchop, ngalog or Lhotsampa. Right?. Also remember that vainglory people like you have imperil the country which only future will tell either we belong to Nepal and Dr. Baburam Bhattarai is our prime minister. One has to accept the facts.

  6. We need new thoughts, future vision and intellectual and debatable articles, not history. history is written everywhere and anyone can find it by googling. i wonder to see just cut and paste of history from writers in BNS, especially when they call it opinion or commentary. this reflects the intellectual strength of our leadership.

  7. NB Giri,

    I understand you before you just thought of what you are going to write. Similarly there is great pain when you write something that is not true. Something bad about our great godly dharma kings.
    You take it as a fairy tales and you are not sure, that is the single reason for tagging yourself as non-bhutanese. Its not a legend, its not fairy tale…..you have to understand the truth before writing something that is not true.

  8. Ram Ram, You better say Wangchuck-Wangchuck. You Nalongs are still creating confusion here in Bhutan. The way you are saying Wangchuck came from Kurtoe kha is all intentional. It is just to get support from our Sharshop community, but remember we Sharshop no more trust you arrogents anymore.

    We want our Language, Culture, Religion, Values, and custom to be introduced in the national level as this immigrants(Wangchuck) from Tibet did here in country being in power. Specially, we Sharshop hate those crazy kings(Wangchucks) who did every thing only to prosper their not others.

    If this king and his agents still keep on suppressing our people and our culture, we sharshop might need to join “United Revolutionary Front of Bhutan” to throw this king system out from Bhutan.

    Love to Bhutanese and Bhutan, not the bias King!

  9. Nobody can deny that Ngalongs are actually Tibetan origin people. They speak Dzongkha which originated from Tibetan language, until recently they followed Tibetan script Chhuki, they wear the same dress except it is little higher up to knee, Drukpa Kagyu originated in Tibet, until recently Drukpa ladies used to keep long hair like Tibetan women but were ordered to cut short to look different from Tibetan, they practice same rituals and follow same Buddhist scriptures, the bottomline is wherever a fox lives it will remain a fox whether it is in Asia, Europe or America. Ngalongs have no right to rule over Sharchhops or Lhoshampas, every community needs power and strength to grow and prosper. It’s too much of oppression and suppression in Bhutan, it must be stopped now. Sharchhops and Lhoshampas are the victims and Ngalongs are enjoying at their cost.

  10. In Bhutan sharchop and ngalops are same people, we have no distinction at all. but yes we do have distinction with nepali and indians, they belong to south…where as bhutan, china, mongolia, korea, japan are of similar ethnic people spreaded all over aisa before any history has been recorded. All bhutanese people wear similar dress with tibetan showing that they all belong to similar ethnicity before historians had hand on it. for your kind information bhutan has only one ethnicity. But now we do have few nepali ethnicity too like me. i am becoming more like asian than resembling indians like you. i am happy…. yes true bhutanese will remain bhutanese and nepali as nepali. jaiihoo

    cheers……

  11. Do you mean true Bhutanese only are those who look like Nhalongs ? If so, then you are still in jungle. Come on man be broad and think wide, this world is dam beautiful than you think about. Get out and see the difference.

    FYI: I am Bhutanese and I look like Nepalese. You are Bhutanese and you look like Tibetan. Any problem about that?

    Man, Get out of your Den.

  12. Whatever is written in this article is absolutely correct. I want to add few things here:

    1. Wearniing Gho/Kira and speaking Dzongkha does not qualify for Bhutanese. You need heart.

    2. Bhutanese speak different languages. Sharchop speak Sharchokpa or Thangla. Ngalung speak Dzongkha. And Lhotshampa speak Nepali. These languages are their community languages. We are Bhutanese because we are born in Bhutan and living in Bhutan since ages as inhabitants of the soil and we love Bhutan. So we are Bhutanese.

    3. Every place has its original names named by its inhabitants which is beautiful and carries fame. But these names are being erased by rulers making themselves foolish rulers. Because they cannot fool today’s scientific world.

    4. Being in power do not have certificate to suppress others. One-day the oppressors will pay like Saddam Husain, live history is in the world today.

    5. All have contributed equally for the country and we all love to be Bhutanese.

    6. The problems lie with the oppressive rulers. The Monarchy or Kings are usually bad; the history is its proof.

    7. These oppressive rulers create difficult atmosphere in the country to continue enjoy selfish life.

    8. Monarchy is the problem creator. It has to be evicted or removed or changed.

    9. We have to unite without any prejudices and ill feelings to each-other to solve our problems.

    10. If we understand these things we can solve problems and make Bhutan good. If not we will lose all peace and make life miserable in Bhutan.

    I am living in New-Delhi since 1998 due to the reason I was not given a job in Bhutan. I was a teacher in Bhutan but now I am working here as a teacher in a private school. They have found me good teacher. I am from Dagana. Every time I go to Bhutan all friends Ngalungs, Sharchops or Lhotshampas pity on me. Irrespective of our caste, religion and race we feel together. These friends are not happy with Bhutan rulers. I find them normal human beings like us.
    I request the writers to give more information to the readers to motivate our people and help solve problems.

    Thank you.

  13. It was very pleasing to see the analytical approach in addressing the issue.I will be coming to Nepal from 13th to 15 Jul to attend the Governing Council meet of IETE.I am your EME degree course mate. My wife will be accompanying and will be staying in Katmandu Hotel. Mob 08605008410

  14. SRINARAYAN POKHREL GOPENI PRIMARY SCHOOL

    FORMER SURVEYOR, SURVEY OF BHUTAN-THIMPHU (present address-669 RIVERSIDE AVENUE BURLINGTON VERMONT.05401-PHONE802 658 5436(United States of America) e-mail [email protected]
    NATURAL BORN CITIZEN OF THE COUNTRY OF THUNDER DRAGON BHUTAN IS AN IMMORTAL SUBJECTS UNLESS THE DEATH OF A PERSON
    Hello everyone, once again I would like to bring your vision towards the continuation of my last part of life story analyzation in Bhutan, and eighteen years of staying in refugee camps, Nepal too. I have been explained here my last period of Bhutan by giving many interesting miracles of primitive Bhutan and peoples’ challenges to subdue the suzerainty and integrity of the land of Thunder Dragon to preserve the glory of real history of the country. Albeit my last natures for different visited areas in Bhutan and the real subjects of leaving my original home, and travel to refugee camps Nepal with my entire family and the survival of more than eighteen years in there. Consequently the descriptions are made, referring to Bhutan by its natural appearances,Dzongs,rivers mountain and my friends,co-workers and touring areas of Bhutan and the adventures of my last destination to Refugee Camps in Nepal. I believed that it would have been given a credible evolutionary facts without further skepticism for the national and international diplomats about the fundamental human rights branded by the present Bhutanese bureaucracy and playing blind fold games in front of the outer world for the people of minorities in Bhutan.
    I was continued my challenges in Thimphu during 1983-84 working in the areas of Thimphu,Paro, Punakha and Wangduphodrang for local land survey and settlements under these Dzongkhags.Once I went to Punakha for the land survey with the speaker of National Assembly, namely Dasho Kinley Dorji(called Dasho Ka-lyon in Dzongkha) to his home town Above Punakha Dzong along the bank of Phochhu River. As there was no motorable road from Punakha Dzong. We had started walking from Punakha following the pathway by crossing Mochhu River enjoying every beautiful panoramic scenarios of the historical views of the hills,mountains,land situations and natural events during the times before the arrival of Zhabdung Ngawang Namgyal in Punakha Dzong. A real permanent picture portrayal of passed urine rivulated, as symbolic legendary of Lam Drup Kinley on the top of big rocky flat stone at the middle of our way towards the village of Dasho Ka-lyon and the bank of Phochhu River. We got rest there for few minutes and observed that symbol. Dasho explained me about the details of that exciting natural perspective of urinated portraying as exact pictures metaphorically. Since 1000 & 1000 of years, still it was remained fabulous to that stones.
    PUNAKHA DZONG

    Let me say briefly about super lama Drup Kinley, as per Dasho Kinley Dorji’s saying-he was a superman or celestial Lama came to Punakha in and around the time of Zhabdrung from Tibet. He was very much a funny man and hosted in Punakha Dzong contemporarily during his visit to Punakha areas. At that time there were the myth of ghost/witches Empires everywhere in Northern Bhutan and Punakha too. Indeed! he was only a superman there, and spirit of Monster or ghost reacted him every now and then during his stays in Punakha, not only that, probably he had to be killed . So he further planned to run back to Tibet again, he had started going back from there, the mirages of sucking blood by spiritual ghost was followed him ,though he ran very fast, however the Monster/ ghost hadn’t stopped to goad him to be killed unless he ran fast aiming to reach to the border of Tibet. At last, he reached in one CHHORTEN near the border of Tibet.(CHHORTEN meant small stone built, symbol of Budhism,Budhist people built everywhere on the walking path within their villages, it is the place of avoidance of tiredness or rest places for long walks, which is called CHHORTEN in Dzongkha) He had worn long type of Tibetan cultural shoes, covering below the knees. He quickly created a superficial ideas , as at once take out the both shoes from the feet and kept them opposite at the top of that Chhorten,really,its looks like overturned the man inside it, showing sole of the shoes above, from the top of the Chhorten,just to trick and make the Monster/ghost fool ,it was believable for them, that lama dup kinley to whom followed by them gone inside the Chhorten.Reluctantly the Ghost weird to find out the man again and avoided to chase him more from there. In this nature, Lama saved his life and returned back to Tibet from Punakha during his visits.

    SECOND SCENE OF PUNAKHA DZONG

    This was the legendary myth of that stones explained by Dasho Kinley Dorji to me during my short journey to Punakha Dzongkhag to survey the land of the villages of Kabjisa,Botokha and Shyangana under punakha Dzong. After few minutes of rest, we again continued our walk to reach to our destination. That day we halted there and from tomorrow morning we had started land measurement works, which was taken 2-3 days there and shifted other villages too. Almost I was been there one week to complete the above three villages in Punakha and then I had returned back to Thimphu. Let me state in brief about the river Phochhu-Mochhu’s natural structures, colors and confluenced together forming triangular diagram and making Punakha Dzong in the cone of the two rivers. Punakha Dzong is also one of the oldest Dzong of Bhutan. I couldn’t even explain everything, but what I have personally seen there, only eye witnessed is added in my personal story here.As it is admirable that two very big rivers were flowing down from both the sides of the Dzong.Oneside river is called MOCHHU which is coming from China border and its water is deep green. One suspension bridge is constructed from the end of the motorable road to the Dzong premises to go to the Dzong everyday. Another side river is called PHOCHHU and also its sources were in China border, its water is white, like limestone water. The differences of water colors are really expressing, something is historical influences in and around the surroundings of the Punakha Dzong. Signifying the above names, PHOCHHU/MOCHHU or male and female are exactly descriptive and nomenclature by detecting its water peculiarities accordingly. The River coarses from the confluences headed towards south and called PUNA-SANGCHHU up to Wangdiphodrang,then for the same River is called SANKOSH going south to Tshirang- Dagana-Maurey,Kalikhola International border of Indo-Bhutan and entered into the vast plain lands of Assam(India) that is why, the Assam is fertile land.
    Thereafter, I was in Thimphu by continuing the local survey works, in different Dzongkhags, like Paro, Wangduphodrang, Haa etc… Unless the long duties scheduled by the end of the year 1984. These were the specific assignments during I had been in Thimphu for the above years. It was, of course my enjoyable life in the Capital with the appreciative jobs too. Almost of two years staying in Thimphu, after1984 again I had been transferred to Dagana Dzongkhag for the land re-settlement works to the different Gewogs of that Dzongkhag. The road construction works from Tshirang to Dagadzong was not fully completed, it was under constructions. There was only rough road and it was hard to drive the motor in that newly constructed road. No regular passenger bus were there from Tshirang, however rarely some private trucks were used to go, if necessary in winter time, but not in summer. There was one Short cut from Tshirang going down to Sankosh River crossing and again upwards climbing to the hill through Changkha(Jinchila) villages, continue climbing to reach the mountain top and next side again getting little bit down to enter Khibesa Gewog and reach Gipsa villages and following the same directions to reach Dagachhu.Dagachhu is below DagaDzong,it takes minimum one hour by climbing up the hill to reach to DagaDzong.Almost we had to walk from Tshirang to DagaDzong by Short-cut, minimum 15 hours on foot. It was excited that I had reached Daga Dzongkhag Administration for the proposes mentioned above accordingly.
    Mr. Karma Dorji Sherpa were the Dzongdag of the DzongkhagAdministration Dagadzong of that time, I met him and explained everything about my visits there ,and set up my strength for long term stays in DagaDzong. For different modes Daga dzong was a remote Dzongkhag. There were five Gewogs, every Gewogs have no any road transportation, if we move from one Gewog to anothers , it takes one day journey or sometimes two, to reach everywhere to the different Gewogs. One of the Gewog, namely Kali had its rough roads in the middle of the villages, it was little bit easier and nearer than others from the Dzong.
    This was the mountainous regions, everywhere surrounded by high mountains. The Dzong, itself was constructed at the top of the mountain hills, several feet deep down, at the bottom of that hill , there were rivers from both the sides flowing towards south. Ninety percent of the land covered by the natural forests and less populated areas. Different ethnicities of people were living together-such as Ngalongs,Khengpas,Nepalis etc.. There is a big mountain, called DAGALA,which the District boundaries of Thimphu and Daga Dzong are separated too, by that mountain. It is snow clad regions in winter time with varies of climatic condition during monsoon seasons. There is treasure of the rocks, difficult terrains, debris etc. in every ranging distant interval of the places. Since 1985 I was being a land surveyor under Daga Dzongkhag Administration for the land survey works to be covered to the entire land survey activities within that Dzongkhag.
    I had been there more than two years for all land surveying activities and moved around almost of the Gewogs and surveyed the lands. Once I had gone to Bana Gewog to survey the areas there for the landless people(Sukumbasi) area was very big and the location of the land were very tough, as ridges,debris,terrains and deep streams etc., in Balung resettlement project. However we had begun our works by clear felling the survey lines around the areas by the contours survey methods. Mr.Kamal,surveyor was my partner for the entire resettlement plotting for the convenient of individual land allotments.Mr.Sangchu Dukpa was the Gup of that Gewog. It takes more than two months to complete the whole areas. So we had allotted the land there by the above processes and returned back to our places. Of course, I had to continue my professional activities periodically under the close cooperation of Dzongkhag administration to other various Gewogs. Though I had functioned my daily assignments within that period very effectively. Also there was another Dzongdag, in later than Mr. Karma Dorji, he was namely, BACHHAP DORJI, as Dzongdag-Dagadzong. He was there at my last staying unless I leave from Dagadzong. At last I left Dagadzong by the end of 1986 and moved to Thimphu, Office of the survey of Bhutan.
    Again, I would like to explain one memorable things is that, from the beginning the Office of survey was named as, CHIEF OF SURVEY-Dasho SONAM RABGYE were the chief of the Departments, he was very much energetic man and originally he was born in Tibet. Since Chinese aggression in 1950 his dynasty were split in Tibet and came to Bhutan. He was from rich family in Tibet and his significance to Bhutan were superior too, like he had indicated Bhutan-China border focused as permanent boundary aligning by two immortal mountain JHOMOLHARI and KULAGANGRI and he was the figure head about the northern Bhutan, because Tibet and northern Bhutan had its same allies and cultural ties. Substantially, from the beginning there were many other working missions in Survey Department: – They were Mr. Babu Dubba, Mr.Sangey Rinchen,Mr. Nata Gyaltshen,Mr.Rajman Rai,Mr.Lok bahadur Thapa,Mr.Lam Dorji,Mr.Bhim Bahadur Bomjan,Mr.Bal bahadur Subba,Mr.Kul Bahadur Packwal, Mr.Tarabir Karki,Mr.Janga bahadur Monger,Mr.Lepola Dukpa,Mr. Dorji Wangchuk Dukpa,Mr.Latuk Dorji, Mr.Dilip Gurung,Mr.Lok nath Pradhan,Mr.Man bahadur Subba,Mr.Chirap Dorji, Mr. Tshewang Dorji,Mr.Dungkhala,Mr.Chhoekki Wangchuk, Mr.Tsheten Namgyal,Mr.Dawa Tamang,Mr.Kul bahadur Pradhan Mr.Phurba Dukpa Mr.S.N.pokhrel, myself etc,etc…they were the beginners and coriolis force to establish Survey Department Bhutan and headed majestically with the companionship of Dasho Sonam Rabgye facing and forcing different kind of complex situation and barriers of that consecutive periods. Obviously to be made more indicative and apparent, since 1984 the above same name of survey department continued as SURVEY OF BHUTAN headed by the Surveyor General,Mr.Pema Wangchuk who was the Director General of Agriculture Department before. Then there were other staff, namely Mr.Sither Namgye,Mr.Ugen Wangchu,Mr.Thizang Wangdi,Mr.Minjur,Mr.Sonam,Mr.Samling and many others, with the existing staffs of survey department.(My personal references from survey department, more than sixteen year of services are pasted here)

    Hence I was remained in the office Thimphu for the certain number of years unless my retirement period by functioning the same nature of the particular duties for the local land survey activities and at last I gave up and relieved from my more than sixteen years service of Survey department on 15.7.1987 and moved to my native villages, GOPENI-DUNGLAGANG-TSHIRANG BHUTAN and performed my own affairs to sustain my family in organized ways, enticing for better future too. In that time I had only one kids to nurture and most of the time my wife and myself targeted to achieve towards the improvement of ongoing or primitive systems of farming, as other neighbors were doing. Moreover I had opened a grocery shop in my own land, investing handsome money expected to increase my income more from the invested amounts. In other hand, we were very fond of farming exercises, for the cultivation of different kinds of seasonal crops aiming for maximum yielding simultaneously. In this way, I had been there with my six family members(they were, my mother, wife, two daughters and one son and myself) in my original home GOPENI-DUNGLAGANG since 1987 facing often scarce remote village situation of that time. The southern Bhutan situation from 1985 was little bit scary or unusual, because of first general census enumeration by RGOB was begun. Though the People of southern Bhutan were excited and fed up, searching CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN (CO) and categorized people in six categories, from F1-F6,(F-means foreigner, as already explained and illustrated in different National and international news or in papers clearly, I don’t have to describe and include more in my personal pictures) as per the census mission’s direction. However I dare to launch my pre-plan meticulously, in coming days to fulfill desire and hopes and illuminated my future. I thought, “Landslide couldn’t wash to entire realm”. Henceforth, having revivifying among the catastrophic whirlwind to the ongoing years, another census enumeration was started in 1988,that was more severe than that of 1985.
    REALITY OF REVOLUTIONARY IN BHUTAN
    People of southern Bhutan were more frustrated by being facing the above situations during the time. Many other problems were created by 1985 census ,like banning of Nepali subjects and books were burnt down in the school, which was the mother tongue of southern Bhutanese, the etiquette of wearing dress like national dress instead of costume dress,(i.e.Gho and Kira) wherever we are, and to perform other cultural activities under the prior approval of the government was a compulsion before performing any cultural functions. Speaking Dzongkha and writing too, was made as an obligatory subjects to every common people in general. In this way people were suffering and getting restlessness with these strange environments. Absolutely, as far as I knew, the main cause of mass eviction- that people had planned to appeal to the government for the above basic fundamental functions as usual, by organizing people’s movement without any interferences to the constitutions, expecting that appeal will be heard. They have organized a peaceful demonstration and submitted a written appeal to the government as well. Extremely the replies of the public appeal were resulted after one month, the military visited in every corner of the remote villages and arrested the common people who were settled since generation and taken to the barracks and tortured, rape and many other inhuman punishments. All schools of southern Bhutan were closed and made army barracks. Government doesn’t trust to anyone of the southern Bhutanese, the home was not secured, because in the midst of the night unknown people were used to come with gun, like military and also harassed to the innocent households and made them scapegoat ,so situation was soaring higher and higher. Often some People started bunking leaving their valuable properties, and some people was called by Dzongkhag Administration and forced them to leave the country by paying meager compensation within the ordinance issued. At that time, Dzongdag Tshirang was SHERAP DORJI – 1990.Accordingly the situation have been elapsed and was branded, then the present model of Bhutanese bureaucracy’s GNH is completely unsatisfactory.
    REFUGEE CAMPS-NEPAL
    These above ample natures also included to me and my family in the high tide eviction by leaving everything there in my country of origin, Bhutan in 1990 where I was born and nurtured and rendered uncountable contributions to my country and made her sovereign until the age of thirty five years. I had been adhered to be a refugee in the Refugee Camp for more than eighteen years in Nepal country JHAPA Goldhap Refugee Camp under the following conditions.

    After the eviction from the country in 1990 I reached in Maidhar, Jhapa Districts-Nepal Country. Actually the month was March 1990,I was being participated with my family, kids in the mass exodus to the sandy places of Maidhar River and made a canopy to live there-I bought some bamboo for the poles and ropes to tighten canopy for bewildering settlements. Day time the sands was like a burning coals, no any leaves for shadows were there, body skin burnt and turn into black colors and night a terrible hurricane storming to the canopy,supposed,if we do pull the rope during storming, the catcher of the rope flying like a kite,” flies in the sky”. Every night we had suffered from the storming hurricane and day time suffering from burning sun. Maximum people suffered from the sickness of Diarrhea and Dysentry,all under ages children were malnourished , also were died. Thirty five to forty deaths were occurred daily and the situation was violent. My three kids were only the ages of six-four-two, so they were telling to go back to the original home Bhutan,saying,”starts go, at once”. Every now and then everyone have diarrheas-no any hide, we must excreted the feces in an open ground. That was the terrible situation faced by us in Maidhar River-Nepal for about six months.
    United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) had just started to manage the violent situation of emergency for more than hundredths thousandths of people there donating enormous fundamental needs to the sufferer for humanitarian grounds of that time. Indeed! It was a really great pleasure to have a bid of provocative action by UNHCR contemporarily. They have proposed seven Refugee Camps in different places of Jhapa Districts, Eastern Nepal country with prompt action to take the people to the newly proposed camps in organized ways immediately. The 7 camps were Goldhap,Pathri, Beldangi-I—II—III and T-Mai of Jhapa and Morang Districts of Country Nepal. So we have been saved such an episodic ways in Refugee Camps. Usually, the manageable camps had started and different International agencies have participated for the challenges to fulfill the adequate needs for the numerous people of the camp. The agencies were SAVE THE CHILDREN FUND(UK) for the health management programs, CARITAS(JESUIT REFUGEE SERVICES,ASIA) for the management of education programs,LUTHERN WORLD SERVICES-later which was being FEDERATION for the infrastructures management programs in the camps, INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS SOCIETY for the management of food assistance programs and many other, like ASIAN MEDICAL DOCTORS’ ASSOCIATION (AMDA, NEPAL) for more substitutions under the umbrella organization of UNHCR.
    They have started their programs for different fields in new established seven Refugee Camps and begun their program giving more volunteer opportunities to the refugee people too, to serve under them. I had also an opportunity to serve, voluntarily in different sections in Goldhap camp. First of all I had started under Save the Children Fund(UK) to render my services to the health section for the supports of our people for the health activities from 1992-1995.Agency had welcomed to involved me in the health training program and made me a trained health worker and I had worked more than four years under the health department. In other hand, the Camp rules were made by the UNHCR for the regularization of the whole camp in unique ways.

    (As a proof one HEALTH certificate from camp base SCF –U.K. is displayed here)

    There was democratic election system and people elected me by polling ballot votes in democratic ways as a camp representative(Camp Secretary) in 1996 for one year period to build up the link with different organizations in relation to bridge-up the gap with Agencies for entire programs in the Camp. (Appreciation of UNHCR for one year volunteer services, 1996 are here)

    So I have engaged one year for the above post voluntarily and then after one year my terms was over. Though I have a great opportunity provided by the Agency CARITAS to move to the Camp education sector under them. Significantly I have rendered my volunteer services about seven years.(i.e. From 1998 to the end of 2005) as a general teacher.Moreover,I have an extra opportunity to upgrade my personal education level which was slash out and adamant in Bhutan, to which, nonetheless I had continued my venerable subjects, because of different barriers and unsuitable environment for further study of my higher education there, in Bhutan.
    Simultaneously, I had joined higher secondary education in 1998 through Blooming Lotus English School (BLES) corresponding to Adarsh Madhyamik Vidyalaya, west Bengal siliguri (India) by yearning dilema. Because Siliguri,West Bengal was very closed from our camp,Goldhap,Jhapa Districts, and it would have been convenient to be attended the classes routinely and was being completed at the end of 1999.Henceforth,I moved to the Colleges of PARIMAL MITRA SMRITI MAHA VIDYALAYA of the University of North Bengal, India steadily by the year of 2000 for three years bachelors and had completed at the end of 2003.Almost it had taken more than four years to obtain my bachelors education from there. I would be grateful to CARITAS NEPAL for her precious supports towards my intention of glorious personal education ensemble during my tough times. Having been doing teaching job there in the year of 2006,again I have been elected as a Camp Representative (Camp Secretary) for one more year period and I have again reached to my old places and reinstated the same guidelines and executed for another year,i.e. the end of 2006 and ended the specified terms too.

    (Appreciation of UNHCR for another year of 2006, as Camp representative are displayed here)
    Having seen the consequences by CARITAS NEPAL and lack of capable manpowers, I have been re-employed to the BLES(extension School) Goldhap Camp as an extension In- charge(like co-worker) to cover overall activities of the Extension School with the precious help of more than fifty other teachers and eighteen hundred pre-school students in the year of 2007 or by July 2008 respectively.
    (Certificates of several years volunteer services under CARITAS Nepal/ JESUIT REFUGEE SERVICES are displayed here)

    Almost of my deliberate life descriptions are going to end in this time for sometimes we’re called to do great things. But as a saint of our times has said, “Every day we are called to do small things with great love.” The years and changes accumulate, but the themes of my above lines, would know: our birthplace’s grand story of courage and its simple dream of dignity. I am not this story’s author, who fills time and eternity with the purpose. However, never tiring, never yielding, never finishing I renewed the purpose, to make the identity more rigid just and generous, to affirm the dignity of our lives and every life. This work continues, the story goes on, and an angel still rides in the whirlwind and directs the storm.
    Thanks everyone.
    Hopefully, I will be able to write, how we made a new home within this new country in near future.

    God bless to everyone, God bless to America

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